#常观世音微语录#
Abstract
Dairy products are important sources of micronutrients, fatty acids and probiotics which could modify the risk of child asthma and allergy development. To examine the association of dairy product intake during pregnancy with child asthma and allergic rhinitis at 18 months and 7 years in the Danish National Birth Cohort, data on milk and yoghurt consumption were collected in mid-pregnancy (25th week of gestation) using a validated FFQ (n 61909). At 18months, we evaluated asthma and wheeze using interview data. We assessed asthma and allergicrhinitis using a questionnaire at the age of 7 years and through registry linkages. Current asthma was defined as self-reported ever asthma diagnosis and wheeze in the past 12 months. All associations were evaluated using multivariate logisticregression. At 18 months whole milk was inversely associated with child asthma (≥5·5 times/week v. none: 0·85,95 % CI 0·75, 0·97); thereverse was true for semi-skimmed milk (≥5·5 times/week v. none: 1·08, 95 % CI 1·02, 1·15). For yoghurt, children of women who ate low-fat yoghurt >1 serving/d had 1·21 (95 % CI 1·02, 1·42) greater odds of a medication-related ever asthma diagnosiscomparedwith children of women reporting no intake. They were also more likely to have a registry-basedever diagnosis and report allergic rhinitis. Low-fat yoghurt intake was directly related to increased risk of both child asthma and allergic rhinitis, while whole milk appeared protective for early-life outcomes only.Nutrient components or additives specific to low-fat yoghurt m
ay be mediating the increase in risk.
《营养科学杂志》（2012，第1卷，e5）
【标题】妊娠期摄入低脂酸奶与儿童哮喘和过敏性鼻炎风险增加有关：一项前瞻性队列研究
【作者】Ekaterina Maslova[1]、[2]、[3]*, Thorhallur I. Halldorsson [3]、[4], Marin Strøm [3]and Sjurdur F. Olsen [1]、[3]
1、哈佛大学公共卫生学院营养学系，美国马萨诸塞州波士顿，02115
2、哈佛大学公共卫生学院流行病学系，美国马萨诸塞州波士顿，02115
3、Statens血清研究所流行病学研究部胎儿规划中心，丹麦哥本哈根，2300
4、冰岛大学健康科学学院食品科学与营养学院营养研究室，冰岛雷克雅未克101号
【摘要】
乳制品是微量营养素、脂肪酸和益生菌的重要来源，它们被认为可能改善儿童哮喘和过敏加剧的风险。为了研究妇女孕期乳制品摄入量与她们满18个月和满7岁孩子的哮喘和过敏性鼻炎之间的关系，我们在丹麦国民出生队列研究中使用了有效的FFQ (n 61909)收集了妊娠中期(妊娠25周)孕妇的牛奶和酸奶摄入量数据。在她们的孩子18个月时，我们使用了访谈数据评估哮喘和气喘情况。对她们的孩子在7岁时则使用了问卷方式和登记联系来评估其哮喘和过敏性鼻炎情况。这里的哮喘定义为过去12个月自我报告的哮喘诊断和气喘。所有关联因素使用多变量数理逻辑回归进行评估。在婴儿18个月时，母亲全脂牛奶摄入与孩子哮喘呈负相关(≥5·5次/周v.无：0·85,95% CI 0·75,0·97)；而半脱脂牛奶则相反(≥5·5次/周v.无：1·08,95% CI 1·02,1·15)。对于酸奶而言，与母亲报告未摄入的孩子相比，母亲每天摄入低脂酸奶大于一次的孩子被确诊为医疗相关哮喘的几率更高，其数据是1·21 (95 % CI 1·02, 1·42) 。这些孩子也更可能有登记在案的（哮喘）诊断报告和过敏性鼻炎报告。（母亲孕期）摄入低脂酸奶与孩子患哮喘和过敏性鼻炎的风险增加直接相关，而全脂牛奶似乎仅对早期生活呈现出保护作用。低脂酸奶特有的营养成分或添加剂可能是风险增加的媒介。